In this informative discussion of Medical Dialogue, Speaker Dr. Garima Soni presents insights from a recent comprehensive review published in the Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, published by Scientific Scholar. The review critically evaluates the comparative efficacy, safety, and clinical benefits of vilanterol versus formoterol in managing obstructive airway diseases, with reference to the latest GINA 2024 and GOLD 2024 guidelines. Key findings emphasize vilanterol’s once-daily dosing and its favorable role in COPD management, while also highlighting the specific advantages of formoterol in asthma care strategies.